Pheromones

Pheromones is the denomination of substances that are the products of the external secretion produced by some kinds of animals and that is the way of chemical communication between representatives of one kind. Pheromones are biological markers of the certain kind and are volatile chemical signals that rule the behaviour, the processes of the development of the organism, the process of reproduction of the representatives of every kind of animals.

The German researches were the first who discovered pheromones and who managed to receive them from the glands of female silkworm in the 50-s of the past century. The female silkworm used pheromones to attract male silkworm.

In dependence on their influence pheromones are divided into two types: releasers and primers.

Releasers are the type of pheromones that provoke the representative to some activity and are used to attract the representatives of another sex, the signals of danger.

Primers are use to form some models of behaviour and the influence on the development of representatives of some kinds of animals. For example, the special pheromone produced by the bee queen. This substance doesn't allow the reproductive development of other bees and in such way they are turned into the bees-workers.

Insects also use them to give different signals. For example ants use the pheromones to mark their way. And thanks to them the ant is always able to find the way home. Some pheromones provoke aggressiveness in them and make them run.